Water-heater.



M. A. UNGER.

WATER HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED IAN.20. 1916A Patented Oct. 23, 1917.

T Ti FIG.6

WITNESSES Q444 MAHLON A. UNGER, or DORMONT, PENNSYLVANIA.

WATER-HEATER.

Specification of Letters Patent. I Patented @ct. 23,1917.

Application fi1ed January 20, 1916. Serial No. 73,193.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAHLON A UNGER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dormont,.i'n-' the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Water- Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of an improvement in water heaters, and has for its object to provide a heater in whichthe' products of combustion of the fuel will be utilized to the fullest extent and with resulting economy to quickly heat a limited-volume of water- The heater comprises a boiler having a central fuel combustion chamber within an inner shell and an outer shell providing therewith an intervening annular water containing and circulating space, transverse hollow separated grate bars in circulating communication with the main water space, a lower burner within a laterally enlarged furnace chamber below the grate bars and the annular water chamber, an outer shell, and various other features of. detail construction as hereinafter more fully described.

Referring to the drawings Figure 1 is a central vertical sectional view through the complete furnace.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view indicated by the line II. II. of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partial vertical sectional view on the line III. III. of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the damper.

Fig. 5is a plan view of the burner.

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view showing a modified construction. a

Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional view on the line VII. VII. of Fig. 6.

The heater as a whole is mounted on a supporting base 2 of suitable construction, as a circular cast plate, having pedestals 3 adapted to maintain it upwardly above the floor with ample intervening space. The boiler portion consists of an outer shell 4:

and an inner shell 5 providing an intervening water cavity or chamber 6, the outer and inner shells being connected by a bottom wall 7, preferably sloping downwardly toward the outer shell, as shown. By this means an ample burner chamber 8 is provided, in which is located the burner 9 having a series of numerous jet openings across its upper face, as shown in Fig. 5.

Immediately above the burner chamber is a series of transverse hollow supporting grate bars 10 adapted to support the mass of refractory material 11- through which the gases .of combustion circulate from the burner. The hollow bars 10 are separated from each other by intervening slot-like spaces 12 through which the gases pass, and the outermost jet openings are located beneath the bottom sloping wall 7 so that the flame impinges thereon, and is directed inwardly and upwardly through the slots .12 toward the refractory material 11.- Said material'is supported by the hollow bars 10, and these are of sufficient size in cross section to containa good bodyof water.

A supply pipe 14: leads to the bottom portion of chamber 6 by connection with the outer shell 4, and a delivery pipe '15 leads from the upper portion of the water chamber to any desired point of use, as a heat radiator or bath room faucet.

The cold water passes inwardly or through the hollow barslO from the lower portion of the main chamber 6 and from the upper portion of the bars backinto the chamber and upwardly therethrough, as indicated in Fig. 3, becoming highly heated by exposure to the heat of combustion from the burner underneath and between the sides of the hollow bars, in slots 10, and by radiation of the heat from the refractory filling 11. Initi ally, the water is heated b the jets below the bottom wall 7 and un erneath the grate bars, and the heating action increases toward the top. I

An outer shell 16 is supported on the base 2 and extends upwardly around the boiler to the top, with an intervening space 17, having a central off-take pipe 18 for the burnt gases which may have a suitable damper, if desired.

Between the outer shell 16 and the top and upper portion of the boiler, is a bafiiing shell 19 providing for return downward and outer upward circulation, thereby fully utilizing all ,the remaining heat units, so that the waste of heat is reduced to a minimum.

Below the burner chamber I provide a movable damper plate 20 having openings 21 adapted to register with similar openings in a stationary plate 22 mounted on an annular supporting flange 23 of the base. Damper plate 20 has a handle 24 so that it may be set to supply the desired quantity of air at all times.

as i

, Suitable doors 2.5, 26, may alsobe provided in the outer shell 16 and also in the lower extension 4 of shell 4% whereby to provide access to burner 9 for lighting, etc.,

and it will be understood that these detailsand other necessary or suitable elements will be provided, of proper size and proportions, to suit the other conditions and requirements of the entire installation.

In Figs. 6 and 7, I show a modified construction in which the series of hollow supporting bars 10 are depressed at the middle, sloping upwardly at each outerportion. By this construction the circulation of the Water is facilitated, the partly heated Water. at the upper portion of each hollow bar, at each side of its middle, passing upwardly and outwardly to the main annular chamber 6, as is the natural tendency.

For, the'purpose of bafiing the' flames of combustion, I may use a circular or disk shaped'bafiler plate 27 mounted above the hollow bars 10 byiany suitable support,

and'with a surrounding annular space 28 by which the flames are forced directly through the outer portion of the refractory filling, and againstthe' inner boiler wall.

With either construction, the full efl'ectsv of the fuel in combustion are utilized to the highest degree. The contained water is subjected. to exposure to the heat through out the entire course of circulation of the gases, and as a result the, comparatively thin annular body of water is very quickly heated to a high degree, with a minimum' of fuel.

The advantages readily understood and appreciated by all those familiar with the general class of spaced from and er the invention will be naaaeoi .water heaters. It is comparatively simple in construction, highly eilicient and economical in operation, and will continuously operate to furnish anample supply of heated 1 water of any desired degree of temperature,

providing an intervening annular water containing cavity, a water inlet and water outlet pipe connected with said cavity, a

fuel burner located beneath said'water cavity, a lower transverse closure below the burner having means for admitting a V3,: riable air supply, a compound inner and outer shell providing for a tortuous circulation of the gases of combustion, said outer shell having an outlet flue, said inner shell extending downwardly a substantial distance around and spaced from said. cylindrical casing, and said inner shell being shell.

In testimony whereof l hereunto afix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

MAHLUN A. UNGER. Witnesses:

W. A, Hnomrian, G. In,

supported by said outer 1 

